
Anton Chekhov is one of the most important novelists of all times. Although he has written only one novel, his novellas and his short stories are undeniably exquisite. Specifically his short stories are legendary for their psychological depth, nuanced characters, and keen observations of everyday life. Without any further ado, here are five of the most universally regarded stories that showcase Chekhov’s mastery in revealing the secrets of human soul.
1. “The Steppe” (1888)
- Overview: This novella is one of Chekhov’s best works of prose. It tells the story of a young boy, Vanya, who travels across the vast Russian steppe with a caravan. Vanya observes the lives of the people around him. The novel captures the beauty of nature, the innocence of childhood, and the complexity of human relationships.
- Why it’s interesting: “The Steppe” is an exploration of the transition from childhood to adulthood. Set against a stunningly detailed backdrop of the Russian countryside, the book’s meditative, impressionistic style contrasts with its stark realism. Anton Chekhov uniquely manages to capture life’s fleeting moments.
2. “Ward No. 6” (1892)
- Overview: This novella explores the life of a doctor, Andrei Yefimovich, who works in a mental asylum and becomes increasingly disillusioned with the state of both his patients and society. The story delves into issues of mental illness, bureaucracy, and also the oppressive nature of institutional life.
- Why it’s interesting: “Ward No. 6” is a profound psychological study that critiques both the medical and social systems of the time. The novella examines the boundaries between sanity and insanity, as well as the way society views and treats its outcasts. It’s a chilling look at the dehumanization of individuals within systems of power.
3. “The Lady with the Dog” (1899)
- Overview: Although a short story, many consider this as a novella in terms of its thematic and emotional depth. It tells the story of Dmitri Gurov, a middle-aged man who embarks on a brief affair with a woman, Anna Sergeyevna, while on vacation. The affair transforms into a complex, emotional connection that forces Gurov to reassess his life and the nature of love.
- Why it’s interesting: “The Lady with the Dog” is one of Chekhov’s most beloved and poignant works. It explores themes of infidelity, the nature of human relationships, and the profound impact of love. The story’s subtle, open-ended conclusion and its psychological insight into Gurov’s transformation make it a masterpiece of emotional realism.
4. “The Duel” (1891)
- Overview: This novella centers around a man, Laevsky, who is in an affair with a woman, Nadia. Their relationship is unraveling, and Laevsky is also caught up in an existential crisis, questioning the point of his life and the meaning of his existence. The novella explores themes of moral weakness, the fear of death, and the futility of human behavior.
- Why it’s interesting: To begin with, “The Duel” is often considered a key work in understanding Anton Chekhov and his views on existential questions. Moreover, his ability to depict the inner turmoil of his characters is exceptional. Finally, it combines elements of psychological drama and moral philosophy, offering a profound exploration of human frailty.
5. “The Island” (1899)
- Overview: This lesser-known novella is about a doctor who tries to find meaning and purpose in his life. The novella is set on an island. Over there, Dymov meets a variety of eccentric characters who force him to confront his own beliefs and values.
- Why it’s interesting: “The Island” explores themes of self-discovery, the role of faith in human existence, and the search for meaning in a seemingly indifferent world. The narrative’s philosophical and reflective tone makes it a thought-provoking exploration of Chekhov’s concerns with the complexities of modern life.